Trunk damage / What to do when you have damaged bark

Tree trunks are vital for transporting water, nutrients, and sugars throughout the plant. When a tree trunk is damaged—whether from mechanical injury, animal damage, or storms—it’s important to act quickly to prevent infection, decay, or long-term stress. One effective method to assist in the tree’s natural healing is bark tracing.

In this blog post, we’ll explain what bark tracing is, when and why to use it, and how to do it safely to help your tree recover.

What Is Bark Tracing?

Bark tracing is the process of cutting away ragged, torn, or damaged bark around a wound on a tree trunk or large branch. By creating smooth, clean edges around the wound, the tree can begin to compartmentalize the injury more effectively. This encourages the formation of callus tissue, the tree’s natural healing barrier.

Why Bark Tracing Matters

When bark is damaged, the cambium layer (just beneath the bark) can be exposed or disrupted. If left untreated, jagged edges and loose bark can:

• Harbor pests or fungal infections

• Slow down the healing process

• Prevent the tree from sealing the wound

By removing the torn bark and defining the wound’s perimeter, you help the tree initiate a cleaner, faster recovery process.

When to Perform Bark Tracing

Ideal timing: Late winter to early spring, before the tree enters its growing season, is best. However, it can be done as soon as damage occurs, especially after storms or accidents.

Suitable wounds: Bark tracing is helpful for fresh wounds with torn, peeling bark. It is not recommended for trees that are already rotting or have large cavities.

Tools You’ll Need

• A sharp utility knife, grafting knife, or chisel

• Gloves and safety glasses

• Clean cloth and rubbing alcohol (for sterilizing tools)

How to Trace the Bark

1. Assess the Damage: Look for bark that’s loose, peeling, or torn away from the trunk.

2. Clean the Area: Use your knife to cut away any dead or flaking bark, being careful not to remove healthy tissue.

3. Outline the Wound: Gently shape the wound into an oval or elongated form with smooth edges. The top and bottom should be tapered, following the tree’s vertical growth lines.

4. Avoid Overcutting: Never cut into healthy, green cambium. Keep the wound as small as possible while still cleaning the edges.

5. Sanitize Your Tools: Clean blades before and after use to prevent spreading disease.

What Happens Next?

After tracing, the tree will begin to form callus tissue around the edges of the wound. Over time, this tissue will grow inward, helping seal the damaged area. Depending on the size of the wound and the tree’s vigor, this can take months or even years.

Additional Tips for Tree Recovery

• Avoid wound dressings or sealants — most are unnecessary and can trap moisture or fungi.

• Water during dry spells to reduce stress.

• Mulch around the base (but not against the trunk) to retain soil moisture and moderate temperature.

• Monitor for pests or signs of decay.

When to Call a Professional

If the wound is large, affects more than 25% of the tree’s circumference, or you notice oozing, fungus, or signs of rot, consult a certified arborist. They can evaluate the tree’s overall health and recommend the best course of action.

Conclusion

Trees are incredibly resilient, and with a little help, they can often recover from significant injuries. Bark tracing is a simple, effective technique that mimics the natural wound-healing process and promotes healthy regrowth. Whether you’re caring for a beloved backyard tree or managing a damaged street tree, a few careful cuts can make a big difference in the life of your tree.